What is an example of a price elastic good?

The Crumbling Cookie: Understanding Price Elastic Goods

Price elasticity of demand measures how much the quantity demanded of a good changes in response to a change in its price. A good is considered “price elastic” when even small price changes lead to significant swings in the quantity consumers are willing to buy. This responsiveness is usually tied to the availability of substitutes: if a product’s price rises, but plenty of similar options exist at lower prices, consumers will likely switch.

A classic example of a price elastic good is the humble cookie. Imagine your favorite brand of chocolate chip cookies suddenly increases in price by 20%. Chances are, you wouldn’t blindly accept the higher cost. You’d likely explore alternative brands offering similar cookies at a lower price, perhaps even switching to a store-brand version. Or, you might opt for a different treat altogether, like brownies or ice cream, satisfying your sweet craving without breaking the bank. This demonstrates the elasticity: a significant change in quantity demanded (your purchase decision) driven by a relatively small price change.

This principle extends beyond simple treats. Consider SUVs: while essential for some, many SUV purchases are driven by lifestyle choices rather than absolute necessity. A significant price hike – perhaps due to increased fuel costs or new taxes – could push consumers towards more fuel-efficient sedans, smaller crossovers, or even used vehicles. The availability of these alternatives makes SUVs price elastic.

Similarly, coffee, while a daily ritual for many, isn’t a necessity for survival. A price surge might lead consumers to switch to cheaper brands, brew their own coffee at home more frequently, or even explore alternative beverages like tea.

The key takeaway is that price elastic goods are generally non-essential items with readily available substitutes. When prices rise, consumers have the flexibility to vote with their wallets, opting for cheaper alternatives and driving down demand for the original product. Understanding this concept helps businesses make informed pricing decisions and consumers make savvy purchasing choices.