Do Vietnamese go by first or last name?

First Name First: Navigating Vietnamese Names and Social Customs

Understanding how to address someone in Vietnam is key to navigating its rich culture. While many Western cultures prioritize surnames, Vietnamese social etiquette places the given name firmly at the forefront. This seemingly simple difference reflects a deeper cultural emphasis on personal relationships and respect within a social context.

Vietnamese individuals have both a given name (tên) and a family name (họ). The family name precedes the given name, similar to many other Asian naming conventions. For instance, someone named Nguyễn Văn Nam would have Nguyễn as their family name and Văn Nam as their given name. Note that a middle name (đệm) is often included, adding a layer of nuance and sometimes improving the flow of the name.

However, despite the structural similarity to other East Asian naming systems, the usage differs significantly. While Westerners may encounter a Vietnamese person’s full name in formal documentation, in everyday life, it’s highly uncommon – and sometimes considered overly formal or even disrespectful – to address someone using their family name. Casual interactions, whether with friends, colleagues, or even acquaintances, almost always begin and continue with the given name.

Consider the impact of this cultural nuance. Imagine meeting a new colleague, Nguyễn Thị Lan. Calling her “Ms. Nguyễn” or even “Ms. Thị Lan” would likely feel distant and overly formal. Instead, starting a conversation with “Lan” is the appropriate and expected approach. Using the full name might even create a sense of awkwardness or distance, suggesting a lack of familiarity or even a lack of respect.

Formal settings, such as official letters or business presentations, might necessitate the use of titles and family names (e.g., “Mr. Nguyễn,” “Ms. Nguyễn,” or using the full name). However, even in these instances, once an introductory level of comfort is established, shifting to the given name is generally acceptable and often preferred.

This prioritization of the given name underscores the importance of personal connection within Vietnamese culture. It signifies a move beyond formal titles and into a more intimate and comfortable interaction. Therefore, remembering and using the given name is not merely a matter of etiquette but a demonstration of respect and understanding of Vietnamese social customs. By focusing on the given name, you show you are acknowledging the individual, not just their family lineage or social standing. It’s a small but significant gesture that can significantly improve your interactions and foster stronger relationships in Vietnam.