How do you secure cargo in containers?

Securing Cargo in Containers: A Comprehensive Guide to Safe Transportation

Shipping cargo internationally or domestically relies heavily on the integrity and security of the container. While the container itself provides a degree of protection, the cargo within must be properly secured to withstand the rigors of transport – from the jarring movements of trucks and trains to the swaying of ocean vessels. Improperly secured cargo can lead to damage, delays, and even accidents. This guide provides a practical approach to ensuring your goods arrive safely at their destination.

The primary principle of cargo securement is eliminating movement. Goods shifting during transit are the root cause of most damage. This means focusing on securing cargo on all six sides of the container, but especially paying close attention to the front and rear doors where the most significant forces are experienced.

Key Strategies for Secure Cargo:

• Fill Empty Space: The most common mistake is leaving voids between the cargo and the container walls. These gaps allow for shifting, which can lead to damage to the goods themselves and instability within the container. Use appropriate blocking and bracing materials such as wood, cardboard, or inflatable dunnage bags to fill any empty spaces. These materials should be securely fastened to prevent them from shifting as well.

• Utilize Lashing Points: Standard shipping containers are equipped with lashing points strategically located on the top, bottom, and corner posts. These points are designed to be used with various securing devices, including straps, chains, and bars. Always use appropriate lashing hardware rated for the weight and type of cargo being transported. Properly tensioned straps are crucial; loose straps provide minimal security. Ensure that lashings are distributed evenly across the cargo to prevent localized stress.

• Weight Distribution: Heavy items should be placed at the bottom of the container, directly above the container floor, to create a stable base. Distribute weight evenly across the container floor to avoid overloading any single area. Lighter items can be stacked on top, but should still be secured to prevent movement.

• Consider Cargo Type: Different types of cargo require different securing methods. Fragile goods may need additional cushioning and protection, while liquid cargo requires specialized containment and securement to prevent spills.

• Documentation: Maintain thorough documentation of the securing methods used, including photographs of the loaded container and a detailed inventory. This documentation is crucial for insurance claims in case of damage or loss.

• Professional Assistance: For complex or unusually heavy cargo, consider seeking the assistance of experienced freight forwarders or cargo securing specialists. They possess the expertise and equipment to ensure optimal securement and compliance with industry standards.

Consequences of Poor Securement:

Failing to properly secure cargo can result in several serious consequences:

• Cargo Damage: Goods can be crushed, broken, or otherwise damaged during transit.
• Container Damage: The container itself can be damaged, leading to costly repairs or replacement.
• Shipping Delays: Damage or accidents caused by insecure cargo can lead to significant delays.
• Injury: Loose cargo can shift and cause injury to dockworkers or other personnel handling the container.
• Liability and Legal Issues: Responsibility for damage or injury caused by improperly secured cargo can lead to significant legal and financial liabilities.

By following these guidelines, shippers can significantly reduce the risk of damage and ensure the safe and efficient transport of their goods. Prioritizing proper cargo securement is an investment in the protection of your valuable goods and the smooth operation of the entire shipping process.