Why is the Seikan Tunnel so deep?

The Seikan Tunnel: An Extraordinary Engineering Marvel

Nestled beneath the tumultuous Tsugaru Strait, the Seikan Tunnel stands as a remarkable testament to human ingenuity. Stretching over 54 kilometers, it is the world’s longest undersea tunnel for both railway and vehicular traffic.

Subterranean Depths

A defining feature of the Seikan Tunnel is its extraordinary depth. Significant portions of the tunnel lie more than 100 meters below the seabed, making it one of the deepest undersea tunnels in the world. This depth was a necessity to ensure clearance for ships navigating the busy strait.

Engineering Challenges

The construction of the Seikan Tunnel presented numerous engineering challenges. The high water pressure at such depths posed a significant risk to both the tunnel’s structural integrity and the safety of the workers. To overcome this, the tunnel was built using a pressurized shield machine, which maintained a constant air pressure inside the tunnel to counteract the external water pressure.

Additionally, the tunnel passes through a geologically active area, known for its seismic activity. To minimize the risk of damage from earthquakes, the tunnel was designed with flexible joints and earthquake-resistant supports.

Ambitious Vision

The Seikan Tunnel was a visionary project aimed at connecting the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido. Prior to its construction, ferry services were the only means of transportation between the two islands, which could be disrupted by rough seas and inclement weather. The tunnel promised a reliable and year-round link, significantly enhancing transportation and economic activity in the region.

Tunnel Construction

The construction of the Seikan Tunnel took approximately 25 years, from 1971 to 1997. During this period, a massive workforce of engineers, geologists, and construction workers labored tirelessly to overcome the formidable engineering challenges.

Legacy and Significance

The Seikan Tunnel is not only a marvel of engineering but also a testament to the resilience and determination of those who built it. It stands as a symbol of human ingenuity and the ability to overcome seemingly insurmountable challenges. The tunnel has had a profound impact on the region, fostering economic growth, connecting communities, and ensuring reliable transportation in all weather conditions.